Wednesday, October 31, 2012

Arsenic, Mercury, Lead and...

Governments should learn from the Charitable Recycling Programme

The mobile revolution has far outclassed land-lines, televisions, and even computers; and gained the unique nomenclature of being a Fast Moving Consumer Durable. The catch is that due to such mass penetration, cellphone waste is a big threat to the environment.

According to a research by global consulting firm Deloitte, discarded old handsets could poison the environment unimaginably as it is estimated that the world would have 8,000 tonnes of cell phone waste by the end of 2012; too many useless handsets are simply being thrown into wastebaskets. The worry becomes deeper once the figures hit you. In 2008, the number of handsets crossed the 4 billion mark. Six out of ten people carry a cell phone today across the world. Interestingly, the contribution of emerging economies is quite significant.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Tuesday, October 30, 2012

INDIA: INFANT MORTALITY

India’s infant mortality rates continue to be shockingly high

Most surprisingly, the diseases that kill these children are curable and in fact, easily treatable. The real killers are inadequate healthcare services and lack of awareness in poor parents on how they can keep their children safe from such diseases. Public healthcare infrastructure falls way short, and private health services are still exorbitantly expensive. Health insurance could be a welcome solution, but there are significant caveats involved.

Just about 8% of the Indian population is covered by government health insurance schemes (and that’s 62 years after independence) and just 0.5% by private health insurers. Only 4-5% people are voluntarily taking up health insurance in India (as per IRDA); which means that a massive 95% is either unaware of the existence of such a cover or not sensitised enough to its true benefits. Due to these multiple issues saving our children continues to be a mammoth challenge, which the government and private companies have to meet together.

Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012. An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
and Arindam Chaudhuri (Renowned Management Guru and Economist).

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Monday, October 29, 2012

PAKISTAN: INTERNAL CONFLICT

Swat militants’ request for help was declined by the Afghan Taliban, claiming non-interference policies

An international media house quoted a Frontier Constabulary statement as saying “security forces today targeted Tharkho Kas camp (and) Naree Baba Markaz. Both centres and six vehicles got destroyed. Thirty-three militants also got killed in the operation.”

The so-called Islamic militants have not only been a source of destabilisation in Pakistan but have also been providing fodder to India and executing terrorist attacks there much to the embarrassment of democratically-elected Pakistan government that is pursuing friendly relations with India.

President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani have been quite vocal against Talibanisation of Pakistan and have pursued a policy of eliminating the menace as quickly as possible because suicide bombings threatens the length and breadth of Pakistan and even military installations are not safe from these deadly attacks.

“The Swat operation has been successful to the extent that no territory is now under the control of Taliban,” Pakistan’s top defence analyst and scholar Dr Hasan Askari-Rizvi told B&E. “Normal administration has been restored. However, the Taliban are hiding in mountains and come down to engage in violence from time to time. This kind of threat is likely to persist for an indefinite period,” he said.

Unlike his predecessors, Chief of the Army Staff Gen Ashfaq Pervez Kayani has been serious in eradicating the so-called Islamic militants and life has returned to almost normal in the scenic Swat Valley after displaced people returned home. Even the US administration that looked towards military operation carried out by Gen. (retired) Pervez Musharraf with suspicion has shown satisfaction over the operation carried out by Kayani.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Sunday, October 28, 2012

JASWANT’S JINNAH JEHAD

 God knows how many pundits and their barely concealed benefactors would have passed judgments on the issue. Frankly, as I write this, I haven’t read even one chapter of the book, nor have I done Google search to steal a few phrases, paraphrase or rephrase them and pass them on as words of wisdom. I have just seen a few snatches on TV and couldn’t but immediately think what if top BJP leaders go on 'Sach Ka Saamna' on this issue? I also saw a tearful Jaswant Singh describing how his book on Jinnah has transformed him from Hanuman to Ravana (Dr. Karunanidhi of Tamil Nadu would surely object to the analogy). And then I faced the simple and stark question: Is all this hysteria not related to the persistent failure of the political class, the ivory tower academics and the ideologues to honestly deal with the question of Muslims in India? Or, for that matter, the world to deal honestly with the “Muslim” issue? Or to tackle the “delicate” issue of minorities across societies?

If honest efforts had been made, the following would not have happened: The French President Nicolas Sarkozy would not have denounced the veil; a swimming club in France would not have prohibited a woman from using a more modest bikini; half of India would not have forgotten about swine flu and spent hours debating whether Shah Rukh Khan was humiliated by a racist immigration officer in America because he is a Muslim; American President Barack Obama would not have been forced to call for a beer summit to settle a hugely controversial racial issue.

But it is really India that one thinks about at the moment. If you ask yourself honestly and get honest answers, they will be one of the three written below: Sure people like Jinnah demanded partition and a separate homeland for Muslims; but who cares about all that when India is an exciting place to be in; Most Muslims did not follow Jinnah to Pakistan, but you know – though my best friends are Muslims – and think that there is something wrong out there with so many of them becoming terrorists; Or of course, Muslims are a clear and present danger to the ‘Indian Civilisation’.

I know, if you are honest to yourself, you will fall in one of the later two categories. And if you are in the third one, there is no point in having a dialogue with you in any case. But a dialogue the rest of us must have. More importantly, we Indians must rescue the debate from the crass opportunism of politics and the even worse opportunism of perversion in the garb of ideology. The Indian Mujahideen farce is just one example.

 Read more........

Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Friday, October 26, 2012

India’s 100 MOST profitable companies

Outliers!

Outliers! When Malcolm Gladwell released his book last November, he did not expect it to debut at the number one position on the New York Times bestseller lists. It did, and did better – Outliers made the “10,000 hour rule” common parlance in business circles, at least in the West. Gladwell compared case studies of various successful and not-so-successful lads and hypothesized that the most critical success factor to surpass in any area was simply practising a particular task for around 10,000 hours. That’s three to four years, in normal circumstances. You could buy that argument when it comes to analyzing individual performance, but businesses? We suspect that’s another ball game altogether.

But Gladwell’s premise surely throws up a correlation in business that forwards the supposition that the more a corporation perseveres in a particular area/function/location/market, the more the probability of the entity’s success. Or the older an organization is, the better its performance.

We ran the test on B&E Power 100’s top ten companies. Leave two companies (Bharti Airtel, rank 5, set up in 1995; Reliance Communication, rank 9, set up in 2004), all other companies are a quarter of a century to two centuries old – from the youngest Infosys (rank 7, 28 years old) to SAIL (#6, 55 years) to Tata Steel (#8, 102 years old) to State Bank of India (#3, 203 years old), Gladwell’s rule, albeit moderated to suit us, seems to be rocking business proficiency too well.

You can shout – we did too – what about the Googles, the fresh-off-the-blocks who can beat the world at the blink of an eye? Exceptions, dear, exceptions do exist even in well tested homogenous statistical groups, and technically, those exceptions are called outliers...


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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For people like us

This entails the development of a comprehensive IT network for real time recording, sharing, and dissemination of information for calculating taxes later on. One look at the current Tax Information Exchange System (TINXSYS) will be enough to tell even an inadvertent viewer that the system is purely inefficient in handling all these functionalities; for that matter, it is not even present in all the states. Can the presence of multiple check posts within a few kilometres on either side of the border for two bordering states help? Any frequent interstate highway traveller would tell you how even a state entry tax collection booth causes huge delays; implementation of the GST through such check posts will further aggravate the problem as the states will probe even more into the goods passing their borders in order to minimise tax arbitrage. And we’ve not even come to the other informal ‘tax’ that border post guards collect.

But to its credit, the gargantuan challenge that the proposed tax aims to tackle is to minimise the problem of tax cascading, which has by far been the biggest cause of tax evasion and has been the reason that small unorganised players have spawned uncontrolled within the Indian market, as these are largely outside the threshold level of tax – due to both real income and unreported income – under the current regime.

Tax cascading can be understood by a simple example. Imagine a producer buying raw materials from a vendor for Rs.1,000 including Rs.100 as tax at a 10% rate to the vendor. Now, when the producer sells the final product to the end consumer for Rs.2,000, the tax at the same rate of 10% in the current VAT system comes out to be Rs.200. The customer should pay only Rs.100 as Rs.100 has already been paid on the raw materials before the value addition took place. But the customer pays Rs.200 as the producer does not get any input credit on the tax already paid. Hence, in essence, the end customer ends up paying a “tax on tax”. This leads to non-accounting of transactions, especially in sectors like construction and housing, leading to massive revenue losses and a direct incentive for the parallel economy.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Friend or President

Obama’s concern over his remarks & speeches came true...

It was a debate of yesterday. It is still a debate of today and would remain so even for tomorrow. And most horrifyingly, racial profiling seems not to leave President Obama either. His recent comment on Prof. Herny Gates’ (no, he has no relations with Bill Gates!) – who incidentally is also a friend of the president- arrest had resurfaced the racial profiling issue and has brought enough criticism as he called the act by Sergeant James Crowley ‘stupid’. For the uninitiated, James Crowley, who is a police academy expert on racial profiling, went to Professor Henry Louis Gates’ home near Harvard University last week to investigate a report of burglary and demanded Gates show him identification. Police say Gates at first refused and accused the officer of racism. Gates was charged with disorderly conduct. The charge was later dropped and Gates has since demanded an apology from Crowley. On this, Obama literally went overboard and commented that, ‘…the Cambridge police acted stupidly in arresting somebody when there was already proof that they were in their own home…”. He further said that, “…there’s a long history in this country of African-Americans and Latinos being stopped by law enforcement disproportionately. That’s just a fact.” It seems that most of the ‘Whites’ of the US took this comment personally, especially those who are close to media.

However, a deep analysis would clarify why Obama isn’t wrong. America has a long deep-rooted history of discrimination. It is a land where women witnessed discrimination and were not allowed to vote till 1920 (they were allowed only after the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the constitution). Blacks’ struggle for their rights is no more a new and jaw-dropping story. Going by the data of the US Department of Justice, by the midyear of 2008, 4,777 black male inmates per 100,000 black males held in state and federal prisons and local jails, compared to 727 white male inmates.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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dos & don’ts: before attack

1 The families should not take fixed routes at fixed timing, all the time, even while travelling to a particular destination. They should also not flock a particular area, club, restaurant, etc.

2 Take professional help whenever needed, as this will greatly improve the chances of your family remaining safe from such attacks. Learn the Dos and Don’ts to ensure a safer tomorrow.

3 Stop displaying your riches to the public, unless you can provide security for yourself and your family members. Also be careful that all your transactions are not visible to your servants!

4 Take care of your servants, drivers, guards, etc, and keep them satisfied;


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Thursday, October 25, 2012

Where India stands today and what needs to be done?

C. Rangarajan, ex- RBI governor and member Rajya Sabha, speaks on where India stands today and what needs to be done

evolution of the crisis

The international financial crisis originated in the sub-prime mortgage crisis which surfaced nearly two years ago in the US With interest rates rising and home prices falling, there was a sharp jump in defaults and foreclosures. However, this would have remained as a purely mortgage market crisis but for the fact that these sub-prime mortgages were securitised and packaged into products that were rated as investment grade. Once doubts about these assets arose, they turned illiquid; it also became very hard to price them. As a result, it started affecting a host of institutions which had invested in these products. These institutions were not confined to US alone. Financial institutions in Europe and to a much lesser extent in East Asia had such assets on their books. With the failure of a few leading institutions and most notably Lehman Brothers, the entire financial system was enveloped into an acute crisis. There was mutual distrust among the financial institutions which led to freezing up of several markets including the overnight inter-bank market. Many think today that letting the Lehman Brothers to fail was a great mistake. The crisis in the financial system has now moved to affect the real sector in a significant way.



regulatory failure

What stands out glaringly in the current episode is the regulatory failure which was twofold. First, some parts of the financial system were either loosely regulated or were not regulated at all, a factor which led to “regulatory arbitrage” with funds moving more towards the unregulated segments. The second failure lies in the imperfect understanding of the implications of various derivative products. In one sense, derivative products are a natural corollary of financial development. They meet a felt need.

However, if the derivative products become too complex to discern where the risk lies, they become a major source of concern. Rating agencies in the present episode were irresponsible in creating a booming market in suspect derivative products. Quite clearly, there was a mismatch between financial innovation and the ability of the regulators to monitor them. It is ironic that such a regulatory failure should have occurred at a time when intense discussions were being held in Basle and elsewhere to put in place a sound regulatory framework.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Tuesday, October 23, 2012

Fake family and friends for weddings

A Tokyo firm rents fake family and friends for weddings, but the trend is not exactly alien to us Indians...

 But if you thought these friends of convenience come cheap, sample this. For 20,000 yen (roughly Rs.10,000) one could have a ‘friend’ attend his/her wedding. Add to that 5,000 yen and you can have him perform a song or a dance sequence, while an emotional speech by such a friend could set you back by a cool 10,000 yen... In these times of recession, with requests from at least 100 such weddings, this translates to big business for Office Agents who are only too happy to oblige, and are laughing their way to the bank. However, with a manpower of 1,000 fakes available with the firm, the expenses in terms of salaries alone are perhaps not exactly dirt cheap.

But if you thought that such a trend was completely foreign to us Indians, then it would be far from facts. Says Kanisha, Delhi Wedding Planners, “Sometimes we do get requests from families asking for people to pose as relatives at weddings. In fact, in the past, there have been quite a few of such requests. It usually comes from families where there is an inter-caste marriage and many relatives don’t turn up. At such a time, the family hires people to be a part of the baaratis. We also get such requests from those who are settled abroad with their families but choose to have their weddings here in India. Since they don’t have many relatives in the country, people are hired to show a full house at such weddings.”

While, like the Japanese, the Indians value family ties more than most things, let’s just hope that the practice of using fake stand-ins in Japan (even in events like funerals) doesn’t become prevalent in our country too.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Sunday, October 21, 2012

Don’t do this

The proposed privatisation of water supply in Karnataka is a terrible way of solving the water crisis. B&E explains why

Exactly four months back, the fifth World Water Forum convened at Istanbul. During the seven days extravaganza, there was a high voltage scenario in the capital of Turkey. More than 30,000 delegates across the world participated in that conference and they discussed the value of ‘blue gold’ at this moment and its future. In and around the same moment, few important files were moving in between Hubli-Dharwad, Gulbarga, Belgaum Corporation and Karnataka State Government. There in Istanbul, few hundred global activists gathered in front of conference hall and protested against water privatisation, a new inhuman phenomenon. In contrast, in Karnataka, the stage was set and a red carpet was rolled out for privatisation of water supply in the three cities.

According to Government sources, the pilot projects conducted in few selected wards of the above three cities were highly successful. Now the time has come for a full fledged project. With the help of World Bank funds, the Government of Karnataka is now planning to privatise water supply in three cities. If everything goes according to plan, the project will be on very soon. In February, Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) had invited consultancy firms for expression of interest in this project. More than 36 firms showed interest in this project and out of them around 12 have been short listed. Soon Urban Development Department will finalise the name of the firm on the basis of the World Bank guidelines. Then, that firm will prepare a project report for 24*7 water supplies to cover the entire Corporation areas of Hubli-Dharwad, Belgaum and Gulbarga cities. The firm will be asked to give transaction support, including financial and institutional feasibility aspects, preparation of draft contract, bidding document and assistance in bidding process till award of the contract on PPP (Private Public Participation) basis. So, the stage is set, and according to sources, within two months Government will call for a global tender for this proposed Rs.735 crore project. Out of the total project cost, the private company will bear 50%, by means of World Bank loan, the State Government will invest 40% and the rest 10% will come from the local body.

Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Saturday, October 20, 2012

The wages of Wall Street sins

Arguably, this must be the biggest bungle in recent history

Great depression of 1929-30 could have been averted but the problem became really acute due to follies of government, including that of FDR. One of the biggest blunders was that government spending channeled away from the poorest people. Most of the spendings went to political “swing” states in the West and East where previous elections had been relatively close– average incomes in the swing states were at least 60% higher than in America’s poorest region– the South. FDR, pursuing his self-interest as an incumbent, spent money where it was most likely to gain new votes. The New Deal made it more expensive for employers to hire people which discouraged hiring. The National Industrial Recovery Act (1933), National Labor Relations Act (1935) and Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) were among the New Deal laws forcing wages above the market levels. As a result, in 1937– a depression year– average labor costs jumped 11%, and they went upon other 5% the following year. Consequently, there was a surge of unemployment.

Policy blunders forced up the cost of living in the worst of times which discouraged consumer spending. During the Depression, Americans desperately needed bargain prices, but FDR promoted higher prices.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Thursday, October 18, 2012

The venture was flawed from the beginning in more ways than one

And now, Reliance Retail is mulling over tying up with an international partner back-end support. Had Mukesh gone in for an international tie-up earlier, this situation would not have risen as outsourcing supply chain management is more cost effective and feasible, especially in India. Then came the news that Reliance is planning to shut down 40 of its non-performing stores and rationalising its total retail space of around 4.2 million sq. feet. Reliance Retail also axed almost 600 support jobs to manage costs.

Experts claim that the very basic structure of the company is debilitated. In the first go, Ambani invited negative publicity by removing the middlemen from the value chain. Experts also maintain that most of Reliance Retail’s ventures like Reliance Mart, Reliance Super, et al, were launched in a jiffy, without any foolproof plan of action. Floating so many retail ventures led to disharmony between business heads and each one started competing with one another, thereby leading to the fall of the parent company. Keeping up with the tradition of Reliance as being the best employer, Ambani gave huge salaries, which were incommensurate with the returns. Furthermore, as a retail consultant who worked closely with Reliance Retail said, “When the Store Operations vertical is not at the center of a retail company, the venture is doomed.”

Doomed may be too extreme a word. But surely the company needs. For even a venture with the Reliance trademark can fall apart if it’s not planned and executed properly.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Human papillomavirus

A latest research claims that circumcision has more benefits than earlier thought. Not only does it lower risk of HIV infection but also cuts risk of herpes and human papillomavirus!

Says Dr. Ashok Gupta of Ashok Clinic, “It has been proved that circumcision prevents not only sexually transmitted diseases but also a lot of others infections. Approximately 5 per cent of people do not really take care of hygiene, which can lead to a lot of diseases. There is also a threat of cancer. Circumcision can prevent local infections and gential infections. In fact, I would recommend that all parents must get their children circumcised during infancy to prevent the infection of diseases in future.”

While some might argue that circumcision is cruel and unnatural, as it interferes with the natural state of the human body; or dismiss it as just another unnecessary medical procedure, or by saying that the practice started as a ritual in many societies dating back centuries, it might still not be a bad idea after all to explore the possibility of protecting generations to come as long as its pros outnumber the cons.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Tuesday, October 16, 2012

ELECTIONS: ALLIANCE

The elections this year is seeing a trend' parties vying for larger pie shun pre-poll alliances

This also made a Indo-US Nuclear Deal-bitten Left Front tie-up with disparate parties like BSP, TDP, TRS and JD(S) to form a Third Front, even as Lalu, Paswan and 'old foe' Mulayam Singh Yadav have joined hands to form a Fourth Front. NDA, on the other hand, is no better, with Biju Janata Dal walking out; its old ally Shiv Sena openly courting NCP and dominant partner in Bihar, JD(U), repeatedly ranting against BJP’s new Hindutva face – Varun Gandhi. So, is the era of coalition politics over?

Not really. In fact, the current political situation is somewhat similar to 1989 or 1996, when a number regional parties came together to fight against Congress and BJP. With both BJP and Congress failing to enhance their support base, regional satraps are sensing blood. “It''s going to be a bloodbath after the elections. Small parties, who are haggling with national parties over seat distribution, will demand their pound of flesh in the run up to formation of next government,” claims a BJP General Secretary. Congress leader Kapil Sibal, justifies the trend by describing it as burgeoning aspiration of regional parties. “They want to have a bigger role at the centre and the national parties want a bigger pie in the states. UPA was a conglomeration of secular parties. We hope to come together again after the elections,” he asserts.

BJP has its own set of calculations. Riding on a high profile campaign, it hopes to emerge as the single largest party. “Once the President invites the single largest party, regional chieftains would automatically rally behind it. We will once again provide stable government for the next five years”, claims Amitabh Sinha, National Convener of BJP’s election campaign for the current elections. But, won’t that be a re-enactment of 1998-like situation when Vajpayee had to wait for two days to get letter of support from Jayalalitha, the AIADMK Chief? All eyes therefore, will be on the incumbent President. Whether she invites the single largest party or the single largest political alliance, will be something to be watched keenly.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Plans stuck in books

India’s education system, be it the primary level or higher education, remains in shambles, the UPA has provided little more than lip service, says ANIL PANDEY

Education plays a major role in any country’s progress. However, India’s leaders do not seem to believe in this philosophy. Despite being one of the ten fastest growing economies of the world, 34% of the world’s illiterate population resides in India. The UPA had promised to spend 6% of the total GDP on education. However, during the course of the last five years, this figure could only reach 2.8%. Out of this too, only a paltry 1% has been spent on elementary education. Even our HRD minister, Arjun Singh is more interested in reservation politics, instead of improving the quality of education.

The very fact that the UPA government has been continuously reducing the allocated budget on elementary education goes a long way to show their lack of interest. Under the Tenth Five Year Plan, out of the total budget allocated to elementary education, 85% had to be spent by the Centre, and the rest by respective state governments. However, in the Eleventh Five Year Plan, this allocation came down to 50:50. Interestingly, the central government, instead of spending the amount itself, has been leveling education cess on tax payers and doing away with its responsibility. In the year 2008-09, while the central government has collected over Rs.180 billion via the education cess, they have spent only Rs.131 billion on elementary education.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Sunday, October 14, 2012

WORLD: FOOD WASTE

Mind your wallet if you waste...

To make the matter worse, rather horrifying, this phenomenon is not just confined to the US but can be felt and found across the globe. Consider this: half of Australia’s landfill is made out of food waste. Likewise more than 30% (worth £10 billion) of all food purchased in the UK never reaches destination (read: the stomach), 30% of total fish is lost in Africa due to discards, post-harvest loss and spoilage. If one collects all the food found in bins in the UK, the whole of Wembley stadium can be covered eight times in a year! Japan leads the race hands down by wasting 20 million tons of food annually. The other side of the story is even more interesting. The University of Arizona believes that if Americans cut their food waste by 50%, it would reduce the environmental impact by 25%, while researches in the UK estimate that if food wastage is contained, the reduction in CO2 emission would be equivalent to pulling off 20% of cars from the UK’s roads! The whole contention of donating 0.7% of GDP to developing countries will be redundant if the Hayashi Ya model is replicated all across. What an idea Hayashi Ya!
 

Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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